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Science :)

@sciencenote / sciencenote.tumblr.com

The joy of discovery is certainly the liveliest that the mind of man can ever feel. Claude Bernard
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When reading or hearing about anti-aging products, the first thing that pops in our mind is hyaluronic acid, Botox, filler and so on, but the efficiency of those is limited and their high Prices doesn’t make them available to everyone.

Easy explained away from the science Jargon that no one really understands beside Scientists and researchers who specialize in the field , Aging  is Intracellular and extracellular oxidative stress initiated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) , this ROS releases free radicals in the cell and with high concentration this damages the cell , this Process is called Oxidation.

Some of the most efficient anti-oxidants found in nature are :

the l-ergothioneine is a micronutrient found only on microorganisms and fungi, this micronutrient is known for years now but his physiological benefits are just recently well discovered. He can fight the oxidative damage and protect the cell components. Skin cells and tissue can use l-ergothioneine as an integral component of their antioxidant defense system and that is why L-ergothioneine can be used to fight AGING and slow it down.

Milk Thistle or Holy thistle is a plant found in the Mediterranean area, it is used originally to treat Liver and gallbladder disease for years. The active component of milk thistle is silibin, also known as silybinin, which is usually derived from the seeds of the plant. Silymarin is a complex of biological compounds (flavolignans) that includes silibin; these compounds are known to be antioxidants. Several studies have also suggested that milk-thistle compounds might have antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects. The Japanese people are known for their glowing skin and one of the main factors are using natural extracts in their daily beauty routines, one of the best anti-aging natural extract is Camelia Japonica or widely known as the Japanese camelia.

Camelia japonica oil has anti-inflammatory properties, our skin loses its collagen with ageing. In many studies, scientist have theorized that Camellia japonica oil (CJ oil) may be introduced as an anti-wrinkle agent, it was later found that the human type I procollagen synthesis was induced by camelia japonica oil. Many tests were performed to test its safety 30 Volunteers participated in the study and based on the  results, scientists suggest the possibility that camelia japonica oil may be considered as possible wrinkle-reducing candidates for topical application. 

Lycopene are surprisingly found in Tomatoes although it is not a famous antioxidant, but it is extremely beneficial for improving skin texture due to the fact it promotes collagen production and reduces DNA damage that leads to fine lines and wrinkles.

Green Tea is the new food Superhero for every disease there is right? But what we might oversee is its Impacts on Human Skin. The secret ingredients are chemicals called catechins, which are antioxidants that can clear cell damage on the skin and repair wrinkles, blemishes or other impurities. When applied to the skin, green tea can reduce sun damage by reducing inflammation and tackling free radicals. Remember the free radicals we talked about in the beginning?!

If applied thoroughly and carefully natural antioxidants can help our skin rejuvenate und give it the Glow and the Elasticity we want.

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apod

2019 May 26

A Solar Prominence Eruption from SDO Image Credit & Copyright: NASA/Goddard/SDO AIA Team

Explanation: One of the most spectacular solar sights is an erupting prominence. In 2011, NASA’s Sun-orbiting Solar Dynamic Observatory spacecraft imaged an impressively large prominence erupting from the surface. The dramatic explosion was captured in ultraviolet light in the featured time lapse video covering 90 minutes, where a new frame was taken every 24 seconds. The scale of the prominence is huge – the entire Earth would easily fit under the flowing curtain of hot gas. A solar prominence is channeled and sometimes held above the Sun’s surface by the Sun’s magnetic field. A quiescent prominence typically lasts about a month, and may erupt in a Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) expelling hot gas into the Solar System. The energy mechanism that creates a solar prominence is still a topic of research. After our Sun passes the current Solar Minimum, solar activity like eruptive prominences are expected to become more common over the next few years.

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When reading or hearing about anti-aging products, the first thing that pops in our mind is hyaluronic acid, Botox, filler and so on, but the efficiency of those is limited and their high Prices doesn’t make them available to everyone.

Easy explained away from the science Jargon that no one really understands beside Scientists and researchers who specialize in the field , Aging  is Intracellular and extracellular oxidative stress initiated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) , this ROS releases free radicals in the cell and with high concentration this damages the cell , this Process is called Oxidation.

Some of the most efficient anti-oxidants found in nature are :

the l-ergothioneine is a micronutrient found only on microorganisms and fungi, this micronutrient is known for years now but his physiological benefits are just recently well discovered. He can fight the oxidative damage and protect the cell components. Skin cells and tissue can use l-ergothioneine as an integral component of their antioxidant defense system and that is why L-ergothioneine can be used to fight AGING and slow it down.

Milk Thistle or Holy thistle is a plant found in the Mediterranean area, it is used originally to treat Liver and gallbladder disease for years. The active component of milk thistle is silibin, also known as silybinin, which is usually derived from the seeds of the plant. Silymarin is a complex of biological compounds (flavolignans) that includes silibin; these compounds are known to be antioxidants. Several studies have also suggested that milk-thistle compounds might have antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects. The Japanese people are known for their glowing skin and one of the main factors are using natural extracts in their daily beauty routines, one of the best anti-aging natural extract is Camelia Japonica or widely known as the Japanese camelia.

Camelia japonica oil has anti-inflammatory properties, our skin loses its collagen with ageing. In many studies, scientist have theorized that Camellia japonica oil (CJ oil) may be introduced as an anti-wrinkle agent, it was later found that the human type I procollagen synthesis was induced by camelia japonica oil. Many tests were performed to test its safety 30 Volunteers participated in the study and based on the  results, scientists suggest the possibility that camelia japonica oil may be considered as possible wrinkle-reducing candidates for topical application. 

Lycopene are surprisingly found in Tomatoes although it is not a famous antioxidant, but it is extremely beneficial for improving skin texture due to the fact it promotes collagen production and reduces DNA damage that leads to fine lines and wrinkles.

Green Tea is the new food Superhero for every disease there is right? But what we might oversee is its Impacts on Human Skin. The secret ingredients are chemicals called catechins, which are antioxidants that can clear cell damage on the skin and repair wrinkles, blemishes or other impurities. When applied to the skin, green tea can reduce sun damage by reducing inflammation and tackling free radicals. Remember the free radicals we talked about in the beginning?!

If applied thoroughly and carefully natural antioxidants can help our skin rejuvenate und give it the Glow and the Elasticity we want.

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sciencenote

Do you need to be told about chaos, or is your desk a permanent example? As everyone knows, beneath what those intolerably neat and tidy people consider to be chaos, there is a form of order. The chaotic housekeeper can always find the item of their desire - as long as no-one tidies up!

Many systems which scientists have considered totally random, unpredictable and without form have now been found to be otherwise. There is form and pattern hidden within the CHAOS . It is a part of the natural form - a definitive ingredient of Nature itself.

The Oxford Concise Dictionary defines chaos as “Formless primordial matter; utter confusion.” The day has come when there is a need for an update - Chaos Theory is changing the way scientists look at the weather, the way mathematicians plot equations and the way artists define Art. Population dynamics is one area which can be very sensitive to small changes in initial conditions. So can the weather. A butterfly flapping its wings in a South American jungle, it is said, can lead to a hurricane in China. This is the signature of Chaos Theory!

In playing with these ideas, a new way of doing science grew. These computers could not only calculate they could communicate too. Information flew around the globe. You no longer had to be in the right place or talk to the right people. The equipment and information was available to masses of people all over the world. And their mathematics produced images which were stunningly beautiful, and, at times, awesomely like nature.

A new art form was born and a whole new set of questions arose about the nature of nature itself. These images, called FRACTALS were fun. They had an ever growing fan club who became obsessed with their generation.

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Are you Addicted to Approval?

Signs of being addicted to approval include:

1. You are very aware of the expectations of others. They also affect how you feel about yourself.

2. You are constantly worried about how others view you/ what they are thinking about you.

3. You choose NOT to do things that others don’t approve of for fear of judgment and rejection.

4. You DO things you don’t want to do as you fear others making fun or you, putting you down, or talking about it.

5. You feel anxious and upset if you think you have upset or irritated someone – and desperately try to make things right.

6. You think the views and opinions of others are more informed and valuable than yours.

7. You agree when others criticise and put you down. Then you start to attack and feel ashamed of yourself.

8. You reject yourself if other people reject you, and basically believed that at core you are flawed.

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You probably don’t give much thought to the forces involved in drinking here on Earth. That’s because gravity’s effects dominate over everything else. Our cups are designed to hold a liquid until we use gravity to pour it into our mouths. But that technique doesn’t work in microgravity. There other forces govern how liquids flow: specifically surface tension and capillary action.

Both of these forces are the result of intermolecular attractions. In the case of surface tension, it’s the attraction that the molecules of a liquid feel for one another that keeps them in a cohesive bunch. Capillary action is similar, but it’s an attraction between the liquid molecules and those of the solid they’re wetting. When you combine them both, you get the ability for liquids to climb up a narrow gap and pull more liquid up behind them. That’s the key science behind every version of the “space cup” developed by astronaut Don Pettit and his collaborators. 

To hear more about the development and engineering of the cup (and exactly why it makes drinking coffee so much more enjoyable in space than it would be otherwise) check out the full video. And, in case you’re wondering, there’s a special microgravity champagne flute, too! (Image and video credit: It’s Okay to Be Smart)

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Nervous in Defence

Our nervous system plays a key role in regulating immunity. Illustrated, for example, by the finding that stimulating a major nerve serving the heart, lungs and gut – the vagus – can relieve a damaging inflammatory response made by the immune system. But many of the details of how these two systems communicate remain to be uncovered. One important link is a kind of T cell, an immune cell that produces a neurotransmitter Ach when it senses release of an adrenalin-like hormone by nerves in response to stresses, such as tissue damage or infection. Called ChAT+ T cells, researchers investigated their role during bacterial infection. On the left is a section of gut of a normal mouse infected with C. rodentium (in red), and on the right gut from a mouse genetically-engineered to lack ChAT+ cells. Without ChAT+ cells the bacterial infection is heavier, demonstrating how important these neuro-immune go-betweens are for host defence.

Written by Lindsey Goff

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1ST PLACE

Houston, Texas,

Subject Matter:

Four-day-old zebrafish embryo

Magnification10xTechnique:

Confocal microscopy, most frequently confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), is an optical imaging technique for increasing optical resolution and contrast of a micrographby means of using a spatial pinhole to block out-of-focus light in image formation.[1]Capturing multiple two-dimensional images at different depths in a sample enables the reconstruction of three-dimensional structures (a process known as optical sectioning) within an object. This technique is used extensively in the scientific and industrial communities and typical applications are in life sciences, semiconductor inspection and materials science.-wikipedia-

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Helping patients understand medical risk

Image credit: Apple’s Eyes Studio/Shutterstock.com

Why do people delay seeking medical care when experiencing symptoms of a heart attack? NSF-funded researchers believe it has something to do with the patient’s inability to understand and apply numerical concepts – called innumeracy – found in survival statistics, drug effectiveness and other numbers that convey risk factors.

To test the concept, researchers interviewed survivors of heart attacks several days after the event, measuring potentially relevant factors, including awareness of heart attack symptoms, severity of symptoms during the event, presence of anxiety and depression prior to the event, and demographic profile. They also investigated the patient’s ability to understand numerical concepts and how that affected their decision to delay medical help.

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What is Quantum Physics?

Quantum physics is a branch of science that deals with discrete, indivisible units of energy called quanta as described by the Quantum Theory. There are five main ideas represented in Quantum Theory:

  1. Energy is not continuous, but comes in small but discrete units. 
  2. The elementary particles behave both like particles and like waves. 
  3. The movement of these particles is inherently random. 
  4. It is physically impossible to know both the position and the momentum of a particle at the same time. The more precisely one is known, the less precise the measurement of the other is
  5. The atomic world is nothing like the world we live in.

While at a glance this may seem like just another strange theory, it contains many clues as to the fundamental nature of the universe and is more important than even relativity in the grand scheme of things (if any one thing at that level could be said to be more important than anything else). Furthermore, it describes the nature of the universe as being much different then the world we see. As Niels Bohr said, “Anyone who is not shocked by quantum theory has not understood it.”

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Nervous in Defence

Our nervous system plays a key role in regulating immunity. Illustrated, for example, by the finding that stimulating a major nerve serving the heart, lungs and gut – the vagus – can relieve a damaging inflammatory response made by the immune system. But many of the details of how these two systems communicate remain to be uncovered. One important link is a kind of T cell, an immune cell that produces a neurotransmitter Ach when it senses release of an adrenalin-like hormone by nerves in response to stresses, such as tissue damage or infection. Called ChAT+ T cells, researchers investigated their role during bacterial infection. On the left is a section of gut of a normal mouse infected with C. rodentium (in red), and on the right gut from a mouse genetically-engineered to lack ChAT+ cells. Without ChAT+ cells the bacterial infection is heavier, demonstrating how important these neuro-immune go-betweens are for host defence.

Written by Lindsey Goff

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