4) The Philippines already had a strong and varied culture, economy, trade, writing system, and political setup. Though we weren’t a united country, the people of the Philippine islands had their own governments and systems of trade. Barangays (villages, named after the balangay, the first known form of transportation and settlement of the Filipin@ people) were lead by leaders, known as datu or rajah or etc., depending on where they were from. Barter trade was already popular in the country; we traded with the Malays and the Chinese long before the Spaniards came. We had baybayin, only one of the hundreds of writing systems created by pre-colonial Filipin@s. In the Filipino culture, men and women were fighters, leaders, and spirit-people (aka babaylan or katalonan). We were rich with gold – that was one of the main reasons why other countries traded with us. We could make jewelry, pottery, clothes even, out of all the gold we had in our country. The Philippines was already going strong before the Spaniards came and literally messed shit up and burned it all to the ground.
When they came, we weren’t allowed to worship our own deities. Anyone found guilty of paganism had their whole villages burned down. The Spanish threw away and burned down anything to do with our animistic religion and previous culture. That’s why we know so little about our pre-colonial history – because it was buried by our colonizers.
5) Colonialism set up poverty in the Philippines. Firstly, Spain and America exploited us for our resources (coffee, sugar, wood, etc.) in their “free trade,” which allowed them to do trade and business without any form of tax; on the other hand, Filipinos were heavily taxed for their trade with their colonists. Secondly, the Philippines was forced into the wars America was involved with because of its status as an American colony – America used us (and still uses us) as a military base, mooched off our natural resources such as wood and rock, and turned us into a battle ground for its wars in Asia. Also, because of our status as a colony, Japan attacked us, burned down entire cities, raped women, tortured and beheaded millions of Filipin@s, threw babies into the air and caught them with bayonets, and tortured us into submission, among others.
Of course, Spain did a lot of stuff like that in its 333 years of colonization, but the American and Japanese occupations were more recent and, in turn, had a greater effect on our economy. After the wars, the Philippines was left bereft of resources, security, and protection; we were forced to rely on America for our rebuilding. Though we were supposedly given independence, America still controlled the government and used us as puppets.
6) Long story short, colonialism set up the “colonial mentality” of my country, which has been passed down from generation to generation of Filipin@. We've been forced to love our colonizers, or else risk torture and death.