Too Many Subplots?
Here’s a scenario that’s never, ever happened: I return a client’s manuscript with the note, “Love the through-line, but you could really use a few more subplots!”
Alas, it’s the opposite. I see manuscript after manuscript with way too many subplots. While sparing, well-chosen subplots can add depth and insight to a story, too many subplots will have one or more of the following ill effects:
- Numerous subplots can compete with and draw attention away from the throughline, making the story feel shallow.
- A subplot that’s not strongly connected to the throughline can feel like a random tangent or sidenote.
- Too many subplots leaves the reader wondering what the character’s priorities actually are. Without knowing what the character wants, the reader can’t evaluate or make meaning from the events.
- Too many subplots can make the novel ridiculously long—turning an otherwise sensible book into a 600 page tome.
Solution: It’s brutal, but you’ll need to decide which story is the story and condense, rewrite, or sacrifice the others upon on its altar. Consider Lisa Cron’s explanation of the subplot’s raison d’etre:
Subplots invite the reader to leave the recent conflict behind for a moment and venture down a side road that, he believes, will lead back to the story in the near future. The reader is willing to take this jaunt because he trusts that when the subplot returns to the main storyline, he’ll have more insight with which to interpret what’s happening… All subplots must eventually merge into—and affect—the main story line, either literally or metaphorically, or else the reader is going to be mighty disappointed.
Or, to quote John Gardner, “A story is like a machine with numerous gears: it should contain no gear that doesn’t turn something.”
So your first task is to determine whether your subplots have anything at all to do with your main storyline. If Prince Abernathy’s one true desire is to usurp the throne from his uncle, his unworldly love of cribbage had better intersect with his mutinous plan. Otherwise, truly, it has no reason to be there.
You can use the but/therefore method to track down a connection between your main plot and your subplots. As in,
Prince Abernathy challenges his uncle to a game of cribbage in the hopes of proving him unworthy to rule, but his uncle bests him, therefore Abernathy tosses the game out the tower window, renounces his membership to the Medieval Cribbage Society, and vows to find another way to dethrone his uncle once and for all.
If you cannot find such a connection, you can either create one in your revision, or remove the subplot.
In all likelihood, if you have too many subplots to begin with, at least a few are disconnected from your main plot—except perhaps by a few tenuous threads of narrative summary (e.g. In Chapter One you write “Abernathy absolutely lived to play cribbage,” but there’s not a single scene that actually involves cribbage until Chapter 15).
Other times, you’ve diligently woven all your subplots in the main story… but there are so many of them they’re crowding out the main storyline. Your scenes are almost impossible to write—you feel like you’re constantly juggling 27 balls in the air—and your novel just keeps getting longer and longer.
In that case, it’s time to play favorites, choosing a few subplots you can’t live without and removing or simplifying the rest.