MAY I HELP YOU (2022) dir. Shim So-yeon

Level 4 / Lesson 2: Describing Nouns with Verbs - Past & Future Tense (-ㄴ/은 / -ㄹ/을 것)

안녕, 여러분! Welcome to this next Level 4 lesson! In the last lesson, we learned how to describe nouns with verbs in the present tense using -는 것 (if you haven’t checked it out yet, please do so–this lesson will be easier to understand!). But in this lesson, we’re going to learn how to do the same thing in the past and future tense. Let’s start!

-ㄴ/은 것 (Past Tense)

To say something like “the place that I went to” or “the homework that I did” or “the person that spoke,” we can use -ㄴ/은 것 the same way you’d use -는 것. Just add -ㄴ to verb stems ending with a vowel and -은 to verb stems ending in a consonant, and then add the noun you’re modifying. In other words, use this formula:

For example:

Make sense? Let’s look at some full sentences:

Ready to move onto future tense?

-ㄹ/을 것

-ㄹ/을 것 shouldn’t be too hard to remember–it’s very similar to how we say future tense sentences with -ㄹ/을 거예요. As with -ㄴ/은 것, just add -ㄹ/을 것 to describe nouns in the future tense: use -ㄹ if the verb stem ends in a vowel and -을 if the verb stem ends in a consonant. Here’s a formula:

Let’s look at some examples:

While these are in the future tense, they may be translated like this if the subjects are omitted:

For example, Naver Dictionary has a sentence similar to this:

I hope this all makes sense! This kind of topic might take a while to fully absorb, but it’s really important to know! If you have any questions, please ask them!! See you in the next lesson! 안녕!

Instagram Post: -(으)면 되다 & -(으)면 안 되다

안녕하세요 여러분! I have another Insta post I wanted to share with y’all! I have a regular lesson about -(으)면 되다 and -(으)면 안 되다 that I made a while back, but I feel like this post is a little more accurate and captures its nuance better. So that’s why I’m posting it here too! I hope it’s helpful!

Don’t forget to follow me on Instagram by clicking the link below! Hope this is helpful :) See you in the next lesson! 다음에 또 봐요!

Upper-Beginner: -아/어도 되다: Asking for and Giving Permission

안녕하세요! Hey everyone! I wanted to share another post that I just posted on my Instagram! It talks about how to use -아/어도 되다 to ask for and give permission! I hope it’s helpful!

If you want to see my full-length lesson about -아/어도 되다, check it out here! This post will also be under the Upper-Beginner section of my masterlist!

Level 3 / Lesson 3: (으)면 되다 / 아/어/여도 되다 (I can.../You may...)

안녕, 여러분! In previous lessons, we learned how to say “if” using -면 and “even though” or “even if” using 아/어/여도. In this lesson, we are going to be using these structures to either give someone permission, or to say that we can do something. Let’s begin!

되다

First of all, let’s talk about the word 되다. You might know that 되다 means “to become,” but it also has a few different other meanings. Talk to Me in Korean I think defines it best–it can mean “’to function,’ ‘to be possible,’ or ‘can do.’” For example, you may hear people say “돼요?” to mean “is it working?” or “is it okay?” Let’s see how we can use how we can use 되다 with -(으)면 or 아/어/여도 to say “I/you can…”

-(으)면 되다

Now that we know that -면 means “if” and 되다 means “to be possible” or “to work,” let’s look at a sentence with both of them together. You can use this formula:

For example:

So literally, this sentence can mean “it’s okay if you go now” or “it’s okay if I go now.” But most of the time you’ll see it translated as “you can/may go now” or “I can go now.” Let’s look at some more examples!

-(으)면 안 되다

If you want to say that you or someone else cannot do something, or that something is not possible, you can just attach -면 안 되다 to a verb or adjective. For example:

아/어/여도 되다

Let’s move on to 아/어/여도 되다. In a lot of cases, this is very similar to (으)면 되다. Simply use this formula to say that it is okay for someone to do something:

For example:

You will also hear 아/어/여도 되다 when asking for permission. For instance:

If you want to say that someone does not have to do something, simply add 안 before the verb or adjective. For instance:

Occasionally, you may even hear 아/어/여도 followed by the adjective 괜찮다, which means “to be okay.” For example:

Wow, this lesson was pretty long, but I hope you understand everything! 질문 물어봐도 돼요! You can ask me questions!! See you in the next lesson! 안녕! 

NEW Masterlist

안녕하세요 여러분! Hi everyone! I realized that my old masterlist was getting SUPER long, so I decided to break it up! Now this is a list of smaller lists of lessons based on levels. I hope this makes it easier to navigate my Tumblr and looks a little less overwhelming :)

My lessons are organized based on how advanced I think they are in my personal opinion, but I recommend browsing each level and just looking at what you want to learn. If a lesson has any “prerequisites,” meaning you need to know a different concept before you can learn about the one in that particular lesson, I probably mention that. My point is what might be “intermediate” for me might not be “intermediate” for you, so just look around!

As always, feel free to message me with any messages you may have about any of these lessons!! Happy studying! 화이팅!

Hangul Lessons & The Basics

Beginner & Upper-Beginner Lessons

Intermediate & Upper-Intermediate Lessons

Advanced Lessons

Vocabulary, Hanja Lessons, & Charts

K-Pop Breakdowns

Resources I'm using right now to study Korean by myself (Sept. 2021)

Vocabulary

Korean Vocabulary by Evita (link)

(this link goes to her Anki page that you can download and import on your own anki to use it)

What I personally did was import it into my anki, export it as a txt. file and then pasted it on an excel file. So in that way I have the list of all the vocabulary for a better self-control and I copy them in my memrise deck. On excel I highlight in yellow the words I already know and in green the ones I don't know and I need to add to my vocabulary deck.

This deck has over 5000 words so you will use it for a good while hahah.

Grammar

Talk to me in Korean (TTMIK) Lessons

I was using the Korean in Grammar In Use books (I finished the first one and I started the first chapter of the second one) and I highly recommend them but right now I'm really busy with college so I had to squish my time to study Korean. That's why I decided to use the lessons TTMIK offers since they are short and I can do them faster.

Extra

Daily Routine in Korean by TTMIK

I finished this book a few days ago and it was really helpful now that I'm more advanced in my learning (I tried to use it when I just started and it was impossible for my brain to remember the phrases and make them make sense).

Resources made by me

Vocab deck (link)

This deck is made by me with all the resources I have used so far for vocabulary til now. The levels are divided in 1000 words each cause I think that helped better with my organization. If you decide to use it, I hope it can be helpful for you ^^

Hanja deck (link)

I made this one using the guide of Hanja made by How To Study Korean (link). It's a great guide, and I recommend it if you are interested on learning some hanja. My deck has 260 hanjas that I found the most useful and interesting. Right now I'm not studying hanja anymore cause I think the ones I learned are enough according to the level where I am now, and I wanna use that time to learn more things in Korean properly. That's why, if you wanna learn them all I recommend you the guide made by How To Study Korean.

I hope this can be truly helpful for anyone who needs it. I will try my harderst to post more often, specially lessons and vocabulary lists. Thank you to everyone who follows the blog, I hope it can be useful to yall. And also thank you for everyone who follows me on Instagram (@/itslostfocus) where I post daily pics -not so daily, sorry I've busy- of my progress learning Korean.

Happy learning everyone! ^^

하다 — TO DO

declarative past

inquisitive past

declarative present

inquisitive present

declarative future

conditional future

imperative

propositive

other:

JOY ♡ Queendom