Life in An Agrarian Society
It sounds like what you're trying to create is an agrarian society, or in other words, one that relies entirely on the land for their economy and survival. This is also a barter and trade society, meaning that goods and services are procured via trading one good or service for another rather than exchanging money.
How Are Basic Needs Met?
A human's most basic needs are: food and water, shelter, clothing, and medicine. So, the first thing you'll need to decide is how this village fulfills those needs, either individually or as a community.
Food and Water: Where does this community get their water? Does it come from a lake, river, spring, or well? Where do they get their food? Do they hunt and gather? Do they grow crops? Do they raise livestock? Do they trade goods and services for food from another village? Associated tasks:
-- gathering water from source
-- building wells and ditches
-- distributing water to crops and livestock
-- tracking and hunting
-- processing game
-- fishing, gathering shellfish and processing them
-- growing crops (tilling soil, planting seeds, harvesting, etc.)
-- processing, preserving, storing harvested crops
-- raising livestock (herding, grazing, feeding, processing)
-- foraging for food, processing foraged foods
-- trading goods and services for food from other villages
Shelter: What type of dwellings do the villagers use to keep them out of the elements? What structures do they use to house livestock and to store and process raw materials, food, and water? Associated tasks:
-- gathering raw materials for dwellings (stone, wood, mud, etc.)
-- trading goods and services for materials/tools
-- processing raw materials, obtaining or making tools
-- building and maintaining dwellings and out buildings
-- building and maintaining fences, livestock pens, etc.
Clothing: Where does the village get their clothing or material for clothing? Do they trade goods and services to obtain fabric or clothing from outside sources? Or do they produce their own raw materials needed to make yarn, thread, and fabric such as fleece from sheep for wool and yarn, and flax or cotton for linen? Associated tasks:
-- harvesting/processing materials for making fabric
-- process fibers and spin into thread or yarn (includes dyeing)
-- weaving, knitting, or crocheting thread/yarn into fabric
-- sewing clothing from the fabric
-- trading goods and services for ready made fabric or clothing
Medicine: How do villagers receive healthcare when they are sick or injured? Is it provided at home? Is there a village healer or doctor? Does medical care come from outside the village? Who makes medicine, tinctures, and salves? Or are they obtained from outside the village via trade? Associated tasks:
-- taking care of sick or injured villagers
-- delivering babies
-- gathering medicinal plants and herbs
-- making medicinal teas, tinctures, salves, and tonics
-- trading goods and services for ready made medicines
Other Necessities
-- How is sewage and trash handled/disposed of?
-- How is water, food, and clothing distributed to villagers/homes?
-- Who maintains roads, common areas, and public structures?
-- Who provides safety and security to villagers and properties?
-- Who creates and enforces rules that keep everyone safe?
-- Who mediates disputes between villagers?
-- What transportation is used to get to other places?
-- Who shoes the horses, builds the carts and wagons, gathers and smelts the metal needed to make horse shoes and wagon wheels, etc.?
That should give you a pretty good list to start out with. I hope that helps!
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