Zemun Serbia © Dragana Dimitrijević
Reflections: A young boy casts a striking comparison to an aging man lost in a book on a ferry in Istanbul.
Photograph by Merve Ates, National Geographic Your Shot
Florence, Italy, photos by tresselspecial
happy lunar new year!!
The meaning of “Wednesday” in European languages
Blanketed hills (Mećavnik / Drvengrad, Serbia)
© T.M. Fletcher
Rabat, Malta
I too think that ukrainians are hot but all my friends are saying im a bitch with bad taste in men
koreans don't think u r ❤️
no offense to east slavic men but everyone knows south slavs are the chads of slavic world
Views of Florence, Italy
10 largest cities in Germany
this post is meant to be a directory of every resource I come across for Bulgarian. It will be a continuous work in progress so thank you for your patience! if you have any issues or things to add, please reply to this post!
info
Languages of Europe
Lithuanian (lietuvių kalba)
Basic facts
- Number of native speakers: 3.5-4 million
- Official language: Lithuania, European Union (EU)
- Minority language: Poland, United States
- Language of diaspora: Argentina, Australia, Belarus, Brazil, Canada, Germany, Latvia, Norway, Russia, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay
- Alphabet: Latin, 32 letters
- Grammatical cases: 7
- Linguistic typology: inflectional, pro-drop, SVO
- Language family: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic
- Number of dialects: 2
- Longest word: nebeprisikiškiakopūsteliaudavome (we haven’t been gathering enough wood sorrels) - 35 letters
History
- 10th century BCE - Baltic languages formed a separate branch from other Indo-European languages
- 400-600 CE - Eastern Baltic languages split from the Western Baltic ones
- >800 - difference between Lithuanian and Latvian started to appear
- 13th-14th century - Lithuanian and Latvian continued to develop separately
- 1503 - eraliest surviving written text in Lithuanian
- 1864 - Lithuanian was banned
- 1918 - Lithuanian became the official language of Lithuania
Lithuanian is one of the two surviving Eastern Baltic languages of the Indo-European family. It is the most archaic of all living Indo-European languages and the closest to the Proto-Indo-European language.
Writing system and pronunciation
These are the letters that make up the alphabet: a ą b c č d e ę ė f g h i į y j k l m n o p r s š t u ų ū v z ž.
The letters ą, į, ų once were used to denote nasal vowels. There are no nasal vowels in modern literary Lithuanian, but the letters remained to denote long sounds.
Grammar
Lithuanian has retained a very old vocabulary. Nevertheless, the growing influence of English is obvious.
It has lots of diminutive-endearing suffixes, therefore there are plenty of expressive, endearing word forms.
Lithuanian has two numbers (singular and plural), two genders (masculine and feminine), seven cases (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental, locative, vocative), and five declensions for nouns and three declensions for adjectives.
There are four tenses (past, past iterative, present, future) and three conjugations.
An adjective can have up to 147 forms: 2 genders x 6 cases x 2 numbers x 2 forms x 3 degrees of comparison + 3 forms with no gender.
Pronominal forms of adjectives are a special feature of Lithuanian. They denote that the feature is particular and at the same time emphasize this feature.
Dialects
The Lithuanian language has two dialects: Aukštaitian/High Lithuanian (aukštaičių) and Samogitian/Lowland Lithuanian (žemaičių). Dialects are differentiated by their phonetic and morphological features.
Both dialects have three subdialects. Samogitian is divided into Western, Northern and Southern, and Aukštaitian into Western, Southern and Eastern.
Standard Lithuanian is derived mostly from Western Aukštaitian dialects.
growing up means realising that most of those “polyglot speaks 10+ languages” videos are actually just people who speak 1-3 languages and can say basic memorised phrases in 7 others
Badshahi Mosque Lahore Pakistan at sunrise.
Egypt.Old Cairo. A courting couple sit in conversation on ramparts of the Citadel, overlooking Old Cairo and the Sultan Hassan Mosque
❄️ winter vocab ❄️
- artiku – arctic
- bard – cold
- borra – snow
- Diċembru – December
- Frar – February
- ġersi – sweater
- ingwanti – gloves
- Jannar – January
- kesħa – cold
- maltempata – storm
- il-Milied – Chritsmas
- ragħad – thunder
- riħ – wind
- sajjetta – lighting bolt
- silġ – ice, hail
- temp kiesaħ – cold weather
- xalla – scarf
- xita – rain
- ix-xitwa – winter
- abjad, bajda, bojod – white
- iffriżat, iffriżata, iffriżati – frozen
- kiesaħ, kiesħa, kesħin – cold