META-RATING: RELIABLE
The first two sources listed are from the BBC, a state-owned yet publicly funded (itβs too complex an issue to go into here) highly reliable source of information. Whilst occasionally they are guilty of jumping on the βshiny scienceβ bandwagon, their editorial guidelines temper it down more than some science infotainment media. They can be biased towards the establishment in more directly political matters (environmental science is indirectly political due to the debate on climate change etc*), but this is not a directly political matter and so their bias is likely to be towards established science rather than alternative theories.
*The debate between anthropogenic climate change, natural climate change, and outright climate change denial is ultimately a political one, even if the vast majority of science agrees with the stance that it is mostly anthropogenic. I must refer to it as a political debate due to its use as a political tool. For me to suggest it should not be so would be to inject my own opinion and would introduce a source of bias.
The second two sources are from the EPA, the US government department for the environment. Whilst any government department is ultimately biased towards justifying its own existence, their requirement to publicly publish research and statistics regardless of whether they support the governmentβs/departmentβs agenda means they are at least decently reliable; to accuse government departments of bias is far beyond the scope of this post and can start to lead into governmental mistrust and conspiracy, which I will not cover here.
The final source given is the original paper. The principal author is Shira Joudan PhD, who has been publishing on environmental toxicology/chemistry since 2015 and has attended conferences on environmental toxicology etc since 2012. She has multiple publications which have been cited many times, multiple awards and scholarships, and has worked with multiple universities. As far as I can tell there are no conflicts of interest and I am satisfied that the paper itself is highly reliable.
I am not an environmental scientist nor chemist, and so if you have more experience in the field and can offer further information, please do.
This blog is a trial of a meta-analysis of βis-the-post-reliableβ, to ensure tha tthe sources that the blog cites are at least partially reliable, and to disclose where there may be biases, controversies, or conflicts of interest.