right! they're so good! close reading is a literary studies methodology (that definitely is used by other disciplines as well!) that involves paying very close attention to very small details in an object, and then seeing what story those details tell when you put them in conversation. you can close read anything--an image, a passage of text, a song, a video--as long as you hang out with it for a while and act like a detective, gathering evidence and then seeing what story that evidence suggests. depending on what details you decide are important, you can make different kinds of arguments!
one argument you could make about that first illustration is that it figures the relationship between the anatomist and his object as erotic. your evidence from close reading might include observing that:
- the anatomist is keeping the cadaver upright by wrapping a hand around its hip (rather than propping it up against a wall or putting it on a table like a normal person!!!), which is obviously Not ideal for dissection because it leaves you down a hand
- you could really dial up the magnifying glass and notice that the surgeon's hand is drawn so that it conforms perfectly to the line of the hip--it's a moment where the two bodies not only touch, but actually kind of merge with each other
- the red of the cadaver's ?viscera visible through the abdominal incision is mirrored by the red of the physician's under-robe, visible through the slash pocket
- and also, maybe most obviously, the incision is yonic!! in placement and shape; the act of penetrating the body here is medicalized but not desexualized. you might compare it to the way christ's side wound is figured in sooo much western medieval art (here's one of a million examples), or you could go secular and argue for the scalpel as a displaced phallus (since the surgeon's illustrated body is also penetrated, by the pocket-hole), which you might push even further and talk about as a kind of visual anatomic dismemberment, not unlike the act of dissection itself---etc.
good close reading is always backed up with historical research! so it's helpful to know that this is an image of mondino de luzzi, a late 13th/early 14th century italian surgeon who's credited with legitimizing anatomy as a medical science in europe by being the first to hold public dissections of cadavers after a very long time of that being extremely illegal.
this is not actually the reading i'm interested in, lol--i'm squirreling away bits and pieces to use in a chapter on surface, hapticity, surgery, and surgical tools, so i care less about the pocket-wound as vagina and more about the twin gashes suggesting that human skin functions like fabric, and about the fact that the surgeon is watching the cadaver's face rather than his own hand, which is (presumably) operating by feel. so you can bring different interests and investments to your reading >:) which is what makes it FUN.