June 19, 2013
Tacitus’ Historical Testimonies of gods: Hercules, Mercury, Thor, Odin, Mars, Tyr, Isis, Nerthus, Tuisto, Wuotan and more.

This is the 4th article of our 12 part research:

Debunking the Fraudulent christian Apologist List of Extra-biblical but non-contemporary, claimed “sources” used as jesus “evidence.” (Jewish, “Pagan,” Non-christian, “Secular”)

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Christian Apologist “Secular Source Evidence” for Historical jesus #2: Tacitus - http://tmblr.co/ZkpfQtnlKnN2

Kooks and Quacks of the Roman Empire: A Look into the World of the Gospels By Richard Carrier

http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/richard_carrier/kooks.html

In the Germania, the Roman historian Tacitus speaks of Teutonic worshipers of Hercules and Mercury; most modern scholars conclude that Hercules was likely Thor, and Mercury was Odin.

http://www.sullivan-county.com/id2/gnostic_files/syncretism.htm

Tacitus speaks of the Germanic Hercules and Mars being placated with the permissible animal victims. “They tell how Hercules appeared among them, and on the eve of battle they hymn the first of all brave men.” Arminius convened the tribes in a wood sacred to Hercules — a cult-centre of the Cherusci and other tribes, east of the Weser.

http://www.vaidilute.com/books/mythology/macculloch-05.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thor

http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_Greek_and_Roman_Biography_and_Mythology/Tacitus,_C._Cornelius

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The first clear example of this occurs in the Roman historian Tacitus’s late first century work Germania, where, writing about the religion of the Suebi (a confederation of Germanic peoples), he comments that “among the gods Mercury is the one they principally worship. They regard it as a religious duty to offer to him, on fixed days, human as well as other sacrificial victims. Hercules and Mars they appease by animal offerings of the permitted kind” and adds that a portion of the Suebi also venerate “Isis”. In this instance, Tacitus refers to the god Odin as “Mercury”, Thor as “Hercules”, and the god Týr as “Mars”, and the identity of the “Isis” of the Suebi has been debated. In Thor’s case, the identification with the god Hercules is likely at least in part due to similarities between Thor’s hammer and Hercules’ club. In his Annals, Tacitus again refers to the veneration of “Hercules” by the Germanic peoples; he records a wood beyond the river Weser (in what is now northwestern Germany) as dedicated to him.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_paganism#Tacitus

Jump to From Tacitus to the Viking Age – Hercules and Mars they appease by animal … In this instance, Tacitus refers to the god Odin as “Mercury”, Thor as “Hercules”, and the god Tyr as “Mars”.

Isis “Isis” of the Suebi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%22Isis%22_of_the_Suebi

Tacitus adds that a part of the Suebi, however, venerate “Isis”, although he admits that he doesn’t know how worship…

The Internet Classics Archive | The Histories by Tacitus

http://classics.mit.edu/Tacitus/histories.5.v.html

Tacitus on the Jews - Tacitus, Histories, 5.2-5

http://www.livius.org/am-ao/antisemitism/antisemitism-t.html

Isis: note from ‘Germania’ by Cornelius Tacitus

http://www.ourcivilisation.com/smartboard/shop/tacitusc/germany/chap1.htmhttp://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Tacitus/Histories/5A*.html

Tacitus thinks that the goddess worshipped was the Egyptian Isis, not a German goddess identified with her.

Tacitus on the Jews … A few authorities hold that in the reign of Isis the surplus population of Egypt was evacuated to …

http://www.sacred-texts.com/cla/tac/g01000.htm

Nerthus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerthus

In Germanic paganism, Nerthus is a goddess associated with fertility. Nerthus is attested by Tacitus, the first century AD Roman historian.

http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/tacitus1.html

http://norse-mythology.org/gods-and-creatures/the-vanir-gods-and-goddesses/nerthus/

http://www.timelessmyths.com/norse/aboutnorse.html

Aryan Myth and Metahistory: Tacitus, Germania and the Armanenschaft

http://aryan-myth-and-metahistory.blogspot.com/2007/03/tacitus-germania-and-armanenschaft.html

According to Tacitus’s Germania (98 CE), Tuisto (or Tuisco) is the divine ancestor of the Germanic peoples. Tacitus records a special affinity of the Germanic peoples for Hercules. In chapter 3 of his Germania, Tacitus states:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuisto

… they say that Hercules, too, once visited them; and when going into battle, they sang of him first of all heroes. They have also those songs of theirs, by the recital of this barditus as they call it, they rouse their courage, while from the note they augur the result of the approaching conflict. For, as their line shouts, they inspire or feel alarm.

http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/europe/l/bl_text_Tacitus_Germania.htm

http://www.academia.edu/1764890/Romes_Religious_HIstory_Livy_Tacitus_and_Ammianus_on_their_Gods

http://ancienthistory.about.com/cs/grecoromanmyth1/g/phaedrus.htm

Variants of the phrase All Father (like Allfadir) usually refer to Wuotan (Wodin, Odhinn), and the Franks probably believed in Wuoton as “chief” of blessings, whom the first historian Tacitus called “Mercurius”, and his consort Freia, as well as Donar (Thor), god of thunder, and Zio (Tyr), whom Tacitus called “Mars”. According to Herbert Schutz, most of their gods were “worldly”, possessing form and having concrete relation to earthly objects, in contradistinction to the transcendent God of Christianity. Tacitus also mentioned a goddess Nerthus being worshipped by the Germanic people, in whom Perry thinks the Franks may have shared a belief. With the Germanic groups along the North Sea the Franks shared a special dedication to the worship of Yngvi, synonym to Freyr, whose cult can still be discerned in the time of Clovis.

Tacitus mentions rituals among the Germanic tribes of the North Sea area that include a fertility goddess Nerthus riding a chariot drawn by cows.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankish_mythology

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